Applications of GIS By Major

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have many applications.

 
Major or field of study Examples of geographic distributions
Actuarial science, Administration of public health
  • illnesses
  • accidents
Administration of organizations
  • members
  • donors
  • demands for services
Agriculture, Forestry
  • crop yields compared with other factors such as
    • uses of fertilizers
    • uses of pesticides
    • weather factors such as rainfall, days of sun
  • soil types
  • soil erosion
Biology Environmental studies
  • pollution hotspots
  • biological pests
Natural history
  • habitat maps
  • populations of (e.g., endangered) species
Business, Economics, Hospitality, Marketing
  • location of customers
  • patterns of wealth, education, consumption
  • studies of market penetration or saturation
Criminology, Criminal Justice
  • incidences of crimes
  • patterns of poverty
Education administration
  • patterns of illness among students
  • wealth and poverty
  • ethnic minorities
  • parental levels of education
  • students in geographic areas (e.g., for district planning)
  • student recruitment patterns (e.g., for universities or private schools)

History
  • illustrate the geography of important events
  • show changes with respect to time of populations, resources, etc.
Meteorology

In addition to what you can see on tv news every day,

  • distribution of rainfall or sunshine over a time period
  • distribution of weather-related events such as travel conditions, forest fires, star-gazing conditions
Political science, government
  • voter registrations by political party
  • occupational categories
  • wealth and poverty
  • opinion surveys by voting districts
  • studies for planning, e.g., of land use, zoning
  • disaster response needs assessments

Social work - administration
  • poverty
  • incidences of conditions associated with large numbers of clients

Sociology
  • all of the above
  • all of the below
  • housing patterns
Transportation
  • routing
  • locations of clients with special needs (e.g., residences of physically impaired bus riders)
  • accidents

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